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Danh sách những thiên thể xa nhất

Danh sách những thiên thể xa nhất đã được khoa học phát hiện và xác minh. Việc đo khoảng cách được xác định dựa trên công nhận tuổi của vũ trụ tính từ Vụ Nổ Lớn khoảng 13,787±0,020 tỉ năm ánh sáng. Việc đo khoảng cách tới các thiên thể ở xa hầu hết thực hiện thông qua việc đo độ dịch chuyển đỏ theo định luật Hubble

Đã xác nhận[sửa | sửa mã nguồn]

Danh sách các thiên thể xe nhất xác nhận bằng dịch chuyển đỏ quang phổ
ẢnhTênDịch chuyển đỏ
(z)		Khoảng cách§
(Gly)[1][2][3][4]		LoạiGhi chú
F200DB-045zp = 20,4+0,3
−0,3[5]
hoặc 0,70+0,19
−0,55[6] or 0,40+0,15
−0,26[7]		13,725[1] / 13,745[2] / 13,623[3] / 13,621[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
NOTE: The redshift value of the galaxy presented by the procedure in one study[6] may differ from the values presented in other studies using different procedures.[5][7][8]
F200DB-175zp = 16,2+0,3
−0,0		13,657[1] / 13,677[2] / 13,555[3] / 13,554[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
S5-z17-1z = 16,0089±0,0004
hoặc 4,6108±0,0001		13,653[1] / 13,673[2] / 13,551[3] / 13,550[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST; tentative (5.1σ) ALMA detection of a single emission line possibly attributed to either [C II] (z = 4,6108±0,0001) hoặc [O III] (z = 16,0089±0,0004).[9][10]
F150DB-041zp = 16,0+0,2
−0,2[5]
or 3,70+002
−059[6]		13,653[1] / 13,673[2] / 13,551[3] / 13,549[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5][6]
SMACS-z16azp = 15,92+0,17
−0,15[11]
or 2,96+0,73
−0,21[6]		13,651[1] / 13,671[2] / 13,549[3] / 13,548[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[11][6]
F200DB-015zp = 15,8+3,4
−0,1		13,648[1] / 1,.668[2] / 13,546[3] / 13,545[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
F200DB-181zp = 15,8+0,5
−0,3		13,648[1] / 13,668[2] / 13,546[3] / 13,545[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
F200DB-159zp = 15,8+4,0
−15,2		13,648[1] / 13,668[2] / 13,546[3] / 13,545[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
F200DB-086zp = 15,4+0,6
−14,6[5]
or 3,53+10,28
−1,84[6]		13,639[1] / 13,659[2] / 13,537[3] / 13,536[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5][6]
SMACS-z16bzp = 15,32+0,16
−0,13[11]
or 15,39+0,18
−0,26[6]		13,637[1] / 13,657[2] / 13,535[3] / 13,534[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[6][11]
F150DB-048zp = 15,0+0,2
−0,8		13,629[1] / 13,649[2] / 13,527[3] / 13,526[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
F150DB-007zp = 14,6+0,4
−0,4		13,619[1] / 13,639[2] / 13,517[3] / 13,516[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
F150DB-004zp = 14,0+0,4
−2,0		13,602[1] / 13,622[2] / 13,500[3] / 13,499[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
F150DB-079zp = 13,8+0,5
−1,9		13,596[1] / 13,616[2] / 13,494[3] / 13,493[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
F150DA-007zp = 13,4+0,6
−2,0		13,583[1] / 13,603[2] / 13,481[3] / 13,480[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
F150DA-053zp = 13,4+0,3
−2,3		13,583[1] / 13,603[2] / 13,481[3] / 13,480[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
F150DA-050zp = 13,4+0,6
−10,0		13,583[1] / 13,603[2] / 13,481[3] / 13,480[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
F150DA-058zp = 13,4+0,6
−12,5[5]
3,42+0,30
−0,20[6]		13,583[1] / 13,603[2] / 13,481[3] / 13,480[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5][6]
F150DA-038zp = 13,4+0,4
−13,2		13,583[1] / 13,603[2] / 13,481[3] / 13,480[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
HD1z = 13,2713,579[1] / 13,599[2] / 13,477[3] / 13,476[4]GalaxyKỷ lục Guinness về thiên hà xa nhất đã xác nhận
Lyman-break galaxy (5σ confidence) followed with a tentative ALMA detection of a single [O III] oxygen emission line only (4σ confidence)[12]
JADES-GS-z13-0z = 13,20+0,04
−0,07		13,576[1] / 13,596[2] / 13,474[3] / 13,473[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy, detection of the Lyman break with JWST/NIRSpec, not yet been through the peer-review process[13]
JADES-GS-z12-0z = 12,63+0,24
−0,08		13,556[1] / 13,576[2] / 13,454[3] / 13,453[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy, detection of the Lyman break with JWST/NIRSpec, not yet been through the peer-review process[13]
GLASS-z12z = 12,117+0,01
−0,01		13,536[1] / 13,556[2] / 13,434[3] / 13,433[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST/NIRCam, confirmed by ALMA detection of [O III] emission[14]
JADES-GS-z11-0z = 11,58+0,05
−0,05		13,512[1] / 13,532[2] / 13,410[3] / 13,409[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy, detection of the Lyman break with JWST/NIRSpec, not yet been through the peer-review process[13]
GN-z11z = 10,957±0,00113,481[1] / 13,501[2] / 13,380[3] / 13,379[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy; detection of the Lyman break with HST at 5.5σ[15] and carbon emission lines with Keck/MOSFIRE at 5.3σ[16]
UDFj-39546284z = 10,38+0,07
−0,06		13,449[1] / 13,469[2] / 13,348[3] / 13,347[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy, detection of the Lyman break with JWST/NIRSpec, not yet been through the peer-review process[13]
JD1z = 9,756+0,017
−0,007		13,409[1] / 13,429[2] / 13,308[3] / 13,307[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy, detection of the Lyman break with JWST/NIRSpec, not yet been through the peer-review process[17]
MACS1149-JD1z = 9,1096±0,000613,361[1] / 13,381[2] / 13,261[3] / 13,260[4]GalaxyDetection of hydrogen emission line with the VLT, and oxygen line with ALMA[18]
EGSY8p7z = 8,683+0,001
−0,004		13,325[1] / 13,345[2] / 13,225[3] / 13,224[4]GalaxyLyman-alpha emitter; detection of Lyman-alpha with Keck/MOSFIRE at 7.5σ confidence[19]
SMACS-4590z = 8,49613,308[1] / 13,328[2] / 13,208[3] / 13,207[4]GalaxyDetection of hydrogen, oxygen, and neon emission lines with JWST/NIRSpec[20][21][22][23]
A2744 YD4z = 8,3813,297[1] / 13,317[2] / 13,197[3] / 13,196[4]GalaxyLyman-alpha and [O III] emission detected with ALMA at 4.0σ confidence[24]
MACS0416 Y1z = 8,3118±0,000313,290[1] / 13,310[2] / 13,190[3] / 13,189[4]Galaxy[O III] emission detected with ALMA at 6.3σ confidence[25]
GRB 090423z = 8,23+0,06
−0,07		13,282[1] / 13,302[2] / 13,182[3] / 13,181[4]Gamma-ray burstLyman-alpha break detected[26]
RXJ2129-11002z = 8,16±0,0113,175[1]Galaxy[O III] doublet, Hβ, and [O II] doublet as well as Lyman-alpha break detected with JWST/NIRSpec prism [27]
RXJ2129-11022z = 8,15±0,0113,174[1]Galaxy[O III] doublet and Hβ as well as Lyman-alpha break detected with JWST/NIRSpec prism [27]
EGS-zs8-1z = 7,7302±0,000613,228[1] / 13,248[2] / 13,129[3] / 13,128[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy[28]
SMACS-6355z = 7,66513,221[1] / 13,241[2] / 13,121[3] / 13,120[4]GalaxyDetection of hydrogen, oxygen, and neon emission lines with JWST/NIRSpec[20][21][22][23]
z7_GSD_3811z = 7,6637±0,001113,221[1] / 13,240[2] / 13,121[3] / 13,120[4]GalaxyLyman-alpha emitter[29]
SMACS-10612z = 7,65813,221[1] / 13,241[2] / 13,120[3] / 13,119[4]GalaxyDetection of hydrogen, oxygen, and neon emission lines with JWST/NIRSpec[20][21][22]>[23]
QSO J0313–1806z = 7,6423±0,001313,218[1] / 13,238[2] / 13,119[3] / 13,118[4]QuasarLyman-alpha break detected[30]
ULAS J1342+0928z = 7,5413±0,000713,206[1] / 13,226[2] / 13,107[3] / 13,106[4]QuasarRedshift estimated from [C II] emission[31]
z8 GND 5296z = 7,5113,202[1] / 13,222[2] / 13,103[3] / 13,102[4]GalaxyLyman-alpha emitter[32]
A1689-zD1z = 7,5±0,213,201[1] / 13,221[2] / 13,102[3] / 13,101[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy[33]
GS2_1406z = 7,452±0,00313,195[1] / 13,215[2] / 13,096[3] / 13,095[4]GalaxyLyman-alpha emitter[34]
GN-108036z = 7,21313,164[1] / 13,184[2] / 13,065[3] / 13,064[4]GalaxyLyman alpha emitter[35]
SXDF-NB1006-2z = 7,2120±0,000313,164[1] / 13,184[2] / 13,065[3] / 13,064[4]Galaxy[O III] emission detected[36]
BDF-3299z = 7,109±0,00213,149[1] / 13,169[2] / 13,051[3] / 13,050[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy[37]
ULAS J1120+0641z = 7085±0,00313,146[1] / 13,166[2] / 13,048[3] / 13,047[4]QuasarRedshift estimated from Si III]+C III] and Mg II emission lines[38]
A1703 zD6z = 7,045±0,00413,140[1] / 13,160[2] / 13,042[3] / 13,041[4]GalaxyGravitationally-lensed Lyman-alpha emitter[39]
BDF-521z = 7,008±0,00213,135[1] / 13,155[2] / 13,037[3] / 13,036[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy[37]
G2_1408z = 6,972±0,00213,130[1] / 13,150[2] / 13,032[3] / 13,030[4]GalaxyLyman-alpha emitter[40]
IOK-1z = 6,96513,129[1] / 13,149[2] / 13,030[3] / 13,029[4]GalaxyLyman-alpha emitter[35]
LAE J095950.99+021219.1z = 6,94413,126[1] / 13,146[2] / 13,028[3] / 13,027[4]GalaxyLyman-alpha emitter[41]
SDF-46975z = 6,84413,111[1] / 13,131[2] / 13,013[3] / 13,012[4]GalaxyLyman-alpha emitter[35]
PSO J172.3556+18.7734z = 6,823+0,003
−0,001		13,107[1] / 13,127[2] / 13,010[3] / 13,009[4]Quasar
(astrophysical jet)		Redshift estimated from Mg II emission[42]

§ The tabulated distance is the light travel distance, which has no direct physical significance. See discussion at distance measures and Observable Universe

Ứng cử viên[sửa | sửa mã nguồn]

Danh sách ứng cử viên thiên thể xa nhất
Danh phápDịch chuyển đỏ
(z)		Khoảng cách§
(Gly)		Thể loạiGhi chú
F200DB-045zp = 204+03
−03[5]
or 070+019
−055[6] or 040+015
−026[7]		13.725[1] / 13.745[2] / 13.623[3] / 13.621[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
NOTE: The redshift value of the galaxy presented by the procedure in one study[6] may differ from the values presented in other studies using different procedures.[5][7][8]
CEERS-93316zp = 1639+032
−022[43]
or 1625+024
−046[9]		13.661[1] / 13.681[2] / 13.559[3] / 13.558[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[9][43]
F200DB-175zp = 162+03
−00		13.657[1] / 13.677[2] / 13.555[3] / 13.554[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
S5-z17-1z = 160089±00004
or 46108±00001		13.653[1] / 13.673[2] / 13.551[3] / 13.550[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST; tentative (5.1σ) ALMA detection of a single emission line possibly attributed to either [C II] (z = 46108±00001) or [O III] (z = 160089±00004).[9][10]
F150DB-041zp = 160+02
−02[5]
or 370+002
−059[6]		13.653[1] / 13.673[2] / 13.551[3] / 13.549[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5][6]
SMACS-z16azp = 1592+017
−015[11]
or 296+073
−021[6]		13.651[1] / 13.671[2] / 13.549[3] / 13.548[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[11][6]
F200DB-015zp = 158+34
−01		13.648[1] / 13.668[2] / 13.546[3] / 13.545[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
F200DB-181zp = 158+05
−03		13.648[1] / 13.668[2] / 13.546[3] / 13.545[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
F200DB-159zp = 158+40
−152		13.648[1] / 13.668[2] / 13.546[3] / 13.545[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
F200DB-086zp = 154+06
−146[5]
or 353+1028
−184[6]		13.639[1] / 13.659[2] / 13.537[3] / 13.536[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5][6]
SMACS-z16bzp = 1532+016
−013[11]
or 1539+018
−026[6]		13.637[1] / 13.657[2] / 13.535[3] / 13.534[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[6][11]
F150DB-048zp = 150+02
−08		13.629[1] / 13.649[2] / 13.527[3] / 13.526[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
F150DB-007zp = 146+04
−04		13.619[1] / 13.639[2] / 13.517[3] / 13.516[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
F150DB-004zp = 140+04
−20		13.602[1] / 13.622[2] / 13.500[3] / 13.499[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
F150DB-079zp = 138+05
−19		13.596[1] / 13.616[2] / 13.494[3] / 13.493[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
F150DA-007zp = 134+06
−20		13.583[1] / 13.603[2] / 13.481[3] / 13.480[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
F150DA-053zp = 134+03
−23		13.583[1] / 13.603[2] / 13.481[3] / 13.480[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
F150DA-050zp = 134+06
−100		13.583[1] / 13.603[2] / 13.481[3] / 13.480[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
F150DA-058zp = 134+06
−125[5]
342+030
−020[6]		13.583[1] / 13.603[2] / 13.481[3] / 13.480[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5][6]
F150DA-038zp = 134+04
−132		13.583[1] / 13.603[2] / 13.481[3] / 13.480[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
F150DA-010zp = 128+06
−15		13.562[1] / 13.582[2] / 13.460[3] / 13.459[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
S5-z12-1zp = 1257+123
−046		13.553[1] / 13.573[2] / 13.452[3] / 13.451[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[9]
CEERS-27535 4zp = 1256+175
−027		13.553[1] / 13.573[2] / 13.452[3] / 13.451[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[43]
SMACS-1566zp = 1229+150
−044		13.542[1] / 13.562[2] / 13.441[3] / 13.440[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[43]
SMACS-z12b
(F150DA-077)		zp = 1226+017
−016[6][11]
or 134+04
−17[5]		13.541[1] / 13.561[2] / 13.440[3] / 13.439[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5][6][11]
SMACS-z12azp = 1220+021
−012		13.539[1] / 13.559[2] / 13.437[3] / 13.436[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[6][11]
CR2-z12-4zp = 1208+211
−125		13.534[1] / 13.554[2] / 13.432[3] / 13.431[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[9]
SMACS-10566zp = 1203+057
−026		13.532[1] / 13.552[2] / 13.430[3] / 13.429[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[43]
XDFH-2395446286zp = 120+01
−02		13.530[1] / 13.550[2] / 13.429[3] / 13.428[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy detected by JWST and Hubble[44]
CR2-z12-2zp = 1196+144
−087		13.529[1] / 13.549[2] / 13.427[3] / 13.426[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[9]
9-BUSCARzp = 1191+010
−022		13.527[1] / 13.547[2] / 13.425[3] / 13.424[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[45]
SMACS-8347zp = 1190+027
−039		13.526[1] / 13.546[2] / 13.425[3] / 13.424[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[43]
CEERS-26409 4zp = 1190+160
−070		13.526[1] / 13.546[2] / 13.425[3] / 13.424[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[43]
F150DB-069zp = 118+17
−02		13.522[1] / 13.542[2] / 13.420[3] / 13.419[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
CEERS J141946.36+525632.8
(Maisie's Galaxy)		zp = 118+03
−02		13.522[1] / 13.542[2] / 13.420[3] / 13.419[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[43][46]
XDFH-2334046578zp = 118+04
−05		13.522[1] / 13.542[2] / 13.420[3] / 13.419[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy detected by JWST and Hubble[44]
CR2-z12-3zp = 1166+069
−071		13.515[1] / 13.535[2] / 13.414[3] / 13.413[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[9]
CR2-z12-1zp = 1163+051
−053		13.514[1] / 13.534[2] / 13.413[3] / 13.412[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[9]
F150DB-088zp = 116+03
−02		13.513[1] / 13.533[2] / 13.411[3] / 13.410[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
F150DB-084zp = 116+04
−04		13.513[1] / 13.533[2] / 13.411[3] / 13.410[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
F150DB-044zp = 114+04
−113		13.503[1] / 13.523[2] / 13.402[3] / 13.401[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
XDFH-2404647339zp = 114+04
−05		13.503[1] / 13.523[2] / 13.402[3] / 13.401[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy detected by JWST and Hubble[44]
F150DB-075zp = 114+04
−01[5]
004+001
−001[6]		13.503[1] / 13.523[2] / 13.402[3] / 13.401[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5][6]
F150DA-062zp = 114+03
−03[5]
178+020
−008[6]		13.503[1] / 13.523[2] / 13.402[3] / 13.401[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5][6]
CEERS-127682zp = 1140+059
−051		13.503[1] / 13.523[2] / 13.402[3] / 13.401[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[43]
CEERS-5268 2zp = 1140+030
−111		13.503[1] / 13.523[2] / 13.402[3] / 13.401[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[43]
F150DA-060zp = 114+06
−82		13.503[1] / 13.523[2] / 13.402[3] / 13.401[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
F150DA-031zp = 114+10
−82		13.503[1] / 13.523[2] / 13.402[3] / 13.401[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
F150DA-052zp = 114+08
−106		13.503[1] / 13.523[2] / 13.402[3] / 13.401[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
F150DB-054zp = 114+05
−108		13.503[1] / 13.523[2] / 13.402[3] / 13.401[4]GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
SMACS-z11dzp = 1128±032
or 235+030
−067		GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[6]
CEERS-77241zp = 1127+039
−070		GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[43]
CEERS-6647zp = 1127+058
−028		GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[43]
CEERS-622 4zp = 1127+048
−060		GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[43]
SMACS-z11czp = 1122±032
or 384+005
−004		GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[6]
SMACS-z11bzp = 1122±056
or 694+007
−007		GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[6]
F150DA-005zp = 112+04
−03		GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
F150DA-020zp = 112+02
−79		GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
CEERS-61486zp = 1115+037
−035		GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[43]
SMACS-z11e
(F150DA-081)		zp = 1110+021
−034[6]
or 134+06
−22[5]		GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5][6]
SMACS-z11azp = 1105+009
−008[11]
or 173+018
−004[6]		GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[6][11]
CR3-z12-1zp = 1105+224
−047		GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[9]
F150DA-026zp = 110+05
−03		GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
F150DA-036zp = 110+04
−78		GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
SMACS-z10ezp = 1089+016
−014[11]
or 138+137
−024[6]		GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[6][11]
F150DB-040zp = 108+03
−02		GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[5]
EGS-14506zp = 1071+034
−062		GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[47]
MACS0647-JDzp = 106±03GalaxyGravitationally lensed into three images by a galaxy cluster; detected by JWST and Hubble[48][49]
GLASS-z10
(GLASS-1698)[43]		z = 10.38GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST; tentative (4.4σ) ALMA detection of [O III] emission line only[50][51]
EGS-7860zp = 1011+060
−082		GalaxyLyman-break galaxy discovered by JWST[47]
SPT0615-JDzp = 99+08
−06		13.419[1]Galaxy[52]
A2744-JDzp≅9.813.412[1]GalaxyGalaxy is being magnified and lensed into three multiple images, geometrically supporting its redshift.[53][54]
MACS1149-JD1zp≅9.613.398[1][55]Candidate galaxy or protogalaxy[56]
GRB 090429Bzp≅9.413.383[1][57]Chớp gamma[58] The photometric redshift in this instance has quite large uncertainty, with the lower limit for the redshift being z>7.
UDFy-33436598zp≅8.613.317[1]Candidate galaxy or protogalaxy[59]
UDFy-38135539zp≅8.613.317[1]Candidate galaxy or protogalaxyA spectroscopic redshift of z = 8.55 was claimed for this source in 2010,[60] but has subsequently been shown to be mistaken.[61]
BoRG-58zp≅813.258[1]Cụm thiên hà hoặc protoclusterProtocluster candidate[62]

§ The tabulated distance is the light travel distance, which has no direct physical significance. See discussion at distance measures and Observable Universe

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